A Coon's Age Saying Offensive - Coon Cheese: Origin of Australian brand name raises doubt …. A Coon's Age Saying Offensive

 
A Coon's Age Saying Offensive The Racial Roots Behind The Term 'Nappy' : Code Switch : NPRThe Racial Roots Behind The Term 'Nappy' : Code Switch : NPR. a A Coon's Age Saying Offensive" /> A Coon's Age Saying Offensive 40% of Millennials OK with limiting speech offensive to minorities.  A Coon's Age Saying Offensive

There are many occasions in All in the Family where Archie sums up his whole personality in one single sentence, and while it might be the most verbose, this line does say it all. Suggesting that, taking into account the context, the words were not offensive or that no one present was offended; Suggesting you had a “reasonable excuse”. The use of “people of color” may be less offensive to some than, say, specifying one’s country of origin (Mexican-American, African-American, and so on). Find all the latest ProFootballTalk news, live coverage, videos, highlights, stats, predictions, and results right here on NBC Sports. How could Stacey say something so blatantly racist? Why would Dave let the comment pass? Was he secretly offended, but too intimidated by his boss to make a complaint?. — Our 12-year old refuses to act her age and continues to suck her thumb. However, it looks very much from the multiple versions of the saying, their wide distribution and their age, that this is just a local application of the proverb. 1981, Beverly Cleary, Ramona Quimby, Age 8: "Yard apes!" yelled Ramona, her name for the sort of boys who always got the best balls, who were always first on the playground, and who chased their soccer balls through other people's hopscotch games. The idiom ‘coon’s age’ is usually used in a sentence with the preposition’ in. It's a controversial word because while many Cajuns embrace the term and regard it as a badge of ethnic pride, other Cajuns consider it highly offensive. What does coons age mean? Information and translations of coons age in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Coon songs were thus songs about, and. Overall, two-thirds of the Marist Poll respondents considered 65 to be “middle-aged” or even “young. There is an earlier cite, 1836, …. Quotes; Quiz; VOCABULARY - IDIOMS. In the new "better together" update for bedrock edition (i. Interesting fact: Texas leads the U. Moser's note, in both the first and the second (revised) Norton editions of the novel, that glosses "coon's" as "Black's (derogatory term, U. But it is perhaps older (one of the lead characters in the 1767 colonial comic opera “The Disappointment” is a black man named Raccoon). Last 3 plays: Guest 98 ( 9/10 ), marianjoy ( 10/10 ), bobcat88 ( 9/10 ). Debate is raging over whether or not the controversial name of a popular cheese should be changed. 5- mile ) cross-country course. The word Coon, on the other hand, has imagery …. The movement won a big victory back in 1981 when it got the Louisiana State Legislature to condemn the word as offensive. It means you are ahead of the people your age, mentally. However, someone will not know this and take offense. Use this one instead of the dependable ‘Oh Boll*cks’. One listener from Illinois wrote, "I am a gay man and I did not spend my entire. We mature women must stop being so self. Then in her senior year of high school, she was "waiting for soccer practice to start" when she noticed that …. idioms about Age : English idioms, proverbs, and expressions are an important part of everyday English. Several things, such as; territorial issues, boredom, loneliness, etc. noun | bug·ger | \ˈbə-gər, ˈbu̇-gər\ 1. Take some steps back and reckon with that and do a bit of self-inventory to. Benedict Brook/Stephen Hagan via news. The expression "in a coon's age" dates to the early 1800s, and to the folk belief that raccoons are long-lived. During a show, I once asked the crowd if they were pro-guns, and the majority belted out in approval. Black is a racialized classification of people, usually a political and skin color-based category for specific populations with a mid- to dark brown complexion. The brand's website says the cheese was first manufactured in Australia in. Percentage of Australians who reported experiencing racism. He was so mean, he’d fight a rattler and give him the first bite. The offender will be uncomfortable with the …. A few years ago, a friend of mine was in Arcadia, Florida trying to find his way back to Sarasota. ' Here in the west, we say racoon, although, in the country, I have heard 'coon's age' used to refer to a very long time, and 2. Coon and Nigger Show all Definitions. The ironic thing is that we had just finished a heartfelt, honest conversation on the everyday …. The correct or traditional age for something (especially the age of maturity) Old age or senescence; the state of being old or elderly. Linguistically, the suffix “–a” acts as what is called a diminutive suffix, which attach to the end of words to lessen the severe or formal meaning. What they really mean: “That sign is all sideways. Wild Wild West (1999) clip with quote but I haven't seen him in a coon's age. , I haven’t been there in a coon’s age. The well-known brand, which has been around for more than 80 years, will. Yarn is the best search for video clips by quote. Visit Insider's homepage for more stories. When a cat is in pain or feeling unwell, they are more likely to hide and if they are ‘called on it’, they are more likely to behave aggressively. We have yet to determine what children know about the meanings of the words …. When used to refer to the nocturnal critter with a taste for days-old food, it’s otherwise inoffensive. As in "I haven't seen that ol boy in a. [PART I] [Verse] There's many words that sound like slurs But aren't in fact, you see So don't dismay at what you say They're perfectly PC Why, you can mention chinks if they're in your armor. The phrase “coon’s age” is generally acceptable when used in …. The coons is a term that is used to describe raccoons and their characteristics. An arrogant, ostentatious figure, he dressed in high style and spoke in a series of *malaprops and puns that undermined his attempts to appear dignified. People can troll and not get banned for it because R6 ban. Here are 27 things white people should never say to their black colleagues (posted verbatim from our social media streams): 1. Turns out, the origins of the term are complex. He sometimes acts self-centered, most notably when his allies are targeted by buffing abilities. Some proper usage examples are:. This one should be a no-brainer, but "redskin" and "Injun" are never OK words to say. More commonly known now as a "food coma," this phrase directly alludes to the stereotype of. Because idioms don't always make sense literally, you'll need to. Translation: I did not know that or that is surprising or it can merely be used when there is really nothing else to say. What does coonass mean? Information and translations of coonass in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. I didn’t realise black people could grow real eyebrows. It was Boty’s husband Clive Goodwin who gifted Coon the pop artist’s oils following her death in 1966 at the age of 28. The fact that we are interesting or funny does not render us infantile. It’s a reference to something being a long period of time, i. ‘Indigenous Peoples’ is the accepted way of referring to them all as a collective group – the equivalent of saying ‘the British’, or ‘Australians’. American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth. coon's age translation in English - English Reverso dictionary, see also 'colon, coo, croon, con', examples, definition, conjugation. Kids say ( 1 ): The Ride takes a bit to warm up and ends with an action sequence involving a BMX biking competition, but it's what comes in the middle of this affecting biopic that will stay with viewers. When i was like 20 I used the term coon's age innocuously and this girl in the group (talk one white and one black parent) absolutely lost her shit one me, boy her face must be red now! (the number of fingers guessing game) was popular in Ancient Rome. [informal, very offensive] Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s …. You’re so lucky to have a natural tan. We're Off Like a Herd of Turtles Quiz. More than 370 million people across 70 countries worldwide identify as Indigenous. Could also have meaning as a shortening of "raccoon", as raccoons have a tendency to steal. The same can be said of Thomas C. For example call your left hand a coon and your right one a fuck see which one makes you feel more emotion. This week on ‘Fox News Sunday,’ host Shannon Bream welcomes Sen. My dad, Jack Cunningham, was born and raised there, and he helped me with this project in the year preceding his death on May 7, 2000. Fortune lunges at one of the men, throwing him into a wall before he and Peggy flee. " Mr Walker says the best days of his life were spent at. Cornered, yes, but it's "done for. “It’s amazing the respect people have for the name of a man who invented a processing technique of cheese — who. Cops apologise for making up the law as they go along: Woke police force backs down over 'utterly chilling North Korean' (and wrong) claim that 'being offensive is an OFFENCE'. Definition of coons age in the Definitions. [holds up his right hand] My work here is done. In some cases you can use "Nigger" instead a noun "Coon". Even now, it’s hard to express just how caught off guard I was in the moment that it happened. Nigger noun - (ethnic slur) extremely offensive name for a Black person. Currently voted the best answer. The drama on The Gilded Age Season 2 finally kicked into high gear last week when Bertha Russell’s (Carrie Coon) ambitious maid Turner (Kelley Curran) returned as the wealthy and connected Mrs. " It doesn't need to be a metaphor; it makes sense literally. ASK THE EDITOR What are the plural forms of check-in, passerby, and spoonful? See the answer » QUIZZES Vocabulary Quiz. ("Yid," "spade," "coon," "boy") that the author makes clear are offensive. GameStop Moderna Pfizer Johnson & Johnson AstraZeneca Walgreens Best Buy Novavax SpaceX Tesla. The slur characterizes Black people as lazy, having nothing better to do than hang around on their porches all day. Retarded and niggardly is not a good comparison. Special Attack - can hop/climb up. Caroline Coon: The Great Offender – in depth interview. — My grandchildren act their age with. In Harriet Beecher Stowe's abolitionist 1852 novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin. ” Coon is an abbreviation of raccoon, and this Americanized version of the saying originated in the southern United States, where that animal is prevalent. Our review: Parents say ( 3 ): Kids say ( 1 ): This series offers a decidedly different take on the familiar sci-fi tale of evil-doing extraterrestrials coming to Earth, focusing as much on personal relationships and drama as aggressive little green men. Then wait – let the silence grow. I left a message on my friend’s answering system. The saying was recorded in 1843 (but I am sure it was in use decades earlier) but "coon" didn't become a term for black people until 20 years later. If your kitten was not properly socialized with other humans, it will likely behave aggressively as an adult. In South Louisiana, for example, one can often see bumper stickers reading \"Warning — …. Cheese and rice! Not only will this one save your little one’s ears, it may also save your soul from eternal damnation. It will take a coon's age to get all this work finished! I haven't been on a vacation in a coon's age. Reply reply more replies More replies. Coon is an extremely offensive word for an African-American. Archie Bunker is not the biggest fan of people in general, race, gender, and social beliefs aside. Given the context, it may be offensive slang for a woman's pubic area, that is, her sexual parts. Putting money on the counter will just piss the cashier off in America. Therefore, you should avoid this term at all costs because even if you use it to refer to a raccoon, it may still offend the people around you. The social media response which followed showed that many had no idea why this use of the word was offensive and saw it merely as interchangeable for ‘idiot’. Seriously ,Chico is a Spanish, Fag was a cigarette everywhere except the USA until 1985. Many autistic adults view it as infantilizing and euphemistic to describe their needs as “special. (with hurt feelings) offensé, blessé, vexé, froissé adj. Coon and Nigger are synonymous, and they have mutual synonyms. F IVE MONTHS into its counter-offensive, Ukraine has managed to advance by just 17 kilometres. Ohio is in the midwest which is not thought of as fancy. What does in a coon's age expression mean? Definitions by the largest Idiom Dictionary. Which, : I'm guessing is correct. Noun [ edit] coon 's age (usually uncountable, plural coon's ages) ( idiomatic, US, colloquial) A very long time. This can involve stepping out of a room or taking a deep breath and thinking for a moment. The average Maine Coon lifespan …. Kyle was going to say that, but stopped himself and didn’t want to say “coon’s age” in front of a black person. Means: Be quiet and stop talking. If your cat doesn’t have plenty of space, places to climb, and durable, interactive toys, then it can feel bored and destructive. As Bertha Russell, a robber baron’s wife on The Gilded Age, Carrie Coon swans around her Fifth Avenue mansion wearing the finest couture from French. But other than that, it's been - as my dad's longtime friend, Dick Sheffield, would say - "a coon's age" since they've been by the office. Yvonne Sims The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Percentage of surveyed non-Aboriginal Australians who believe Australia is a racist country in 2020; [1] figure for 2018: 38%. Jarn hasn't seen Schnie in a coon's age. In April, influencer Jessy Taylor had her Instagram account with over 100,000 followers taken down because people kept reporting her. Artemesia* February 7, 2019 at 11:05 pm. Dr Hagan was behind a long-running campaign that led to the rebrand of one of Australia’s most iconic cheese brands to “Cheer” in 2021 amid heightened awareness and concerns about racism. It is not meant to be offensive. - Rooster Cogburn, 'True Grit'. "In a coon's age" Posted by George Mason on July 07, 2000. People differ on whether it can be used as a term of endearment or whether it is always a ethnic slur. “There was a long, heated debate in my fitting about whether or not she could get away with that tiny sleeve. Definition of in a coon's age in the Idioms Dictionary. The meaning of ‘in a coon’s age is, ‘very long time’ or ‘many years’. Blaxploitation movies, group of films made mainly in the early to mid-1970s that featured Black actors in a transparent effort to appeal to Black urban audiences. nigga: 1 n (ethnic slur) extremely offensive name for a Black person “only a Black can call another Black a nigga ” Synonyms: coon , jigaboo , nigger , nigra , spade Type of: Black , Black person , Negro , Negroid , blackamoor a person with dark skin who comes from Africa (or whose ancestors came from Africa). blaxploitation movies, group of films made mainly in the early to mid-1970s that featured Black actors in a transparent effort to appeal to Black urban audiences. The problem is that children sometimes say words at the wrong times, in absolutely the most alarming places. My reading of that cite and others in the next 10-20 years suggests that it may have been a rather Southern expression. But Republicans haven't given up trying. 1 An Americanism dating back to 1835–45; coon (in the sense “raccoon”) + age (from the folk belief that raccoons are long-lived) usage note For coon's age Coon is a shortened …. a rustic or undignified person. Further explaining this last category of inciting harm or violence, Huffman wrote, “It’s ok to say ‘I don’t like this group of people. The idiom “I haven’t seen you in a coon’s age ,” comes from an old reference to raccoons living a long time. The Most Wonderful Time Of The Year (In The Most Terrible Time To Be Alive) ‘You’ve Got Mail’ Turns 25 — Here Are 25 Memorable Quotes From the Classic Rom-Com. Don't believe anyone has advised changing the name of coonhounds (named for hunting raccoons). They are often chosen as a gift for children because Maine Coons get along well with the little ones. The Coon is a playable characters in the XBLA game, South Park: Tenorman's Revenge, if one is playing as Cartman. *the mistaken use of an incorrect word in place of a word with a similar sound. Per one theory, the phrase could refer to the well-known enmity. Gramophones used to have large trumpet-shaped horns which provided the sound. The images from the old “coon” songs from the late 1800s and early 1900s show up in memes, and people don’t realize they’re older images. Coon Cheese is to be rebranded in Australia to Cheer after a campaign by activists against the word's racist connotations. They Bark at the Tree so Hunter Can 'Shoot' Coon out of the Tree: Rate it: (4. Subdued, unassuming, mild mannered, humble, quiet and unreliant on suits of armor, he is everything Stark is not.

The Racial Roots Behind The Term 'Nappy' : Code Switch : NPR">The Racial Roots Behind The Term 'Nappy' : Code Switch : NPR. A Coon's Age Saying Offensive

This one is racist because it’s tied to the term “gypsy,” an offensive term used to refer to the. 'Rooster Cogburn: They don't call him 'Lucky' Ned Pepper for nothing. The n-word is unique in the English language. close - Synonyms, related words and examples | Cambridge English Thesaurus. A grand old age simply means someone is very old. Here are 12 popular phrases that you may want to rethink using in everyday conversation. Southern Saying: Bump on a log.

" Penis, for example, isn't a bad word. James West: Well when a fella comes back from the dead, I find that an occasion to STAND UP and be counted! Dr. Coon is the shortened version of the word raccoon and has been in use since 1741. I'm black in complexion, not dark in color. Age: 10: Hair Color: Brown: Occupation: Superhero, Gadgeteer-Assassin Archetype: Aliases: First Appearance: The Coon: Last Appearance: Coon vs. This’ll be a tough one for those of us who were raised with some manners, but, sorry, we don’t use this phrase anymore, unless we bump into a white person and decide to start. (Soundbite of laughter) MARTY: It's part of the way I was raised.

” By the 1500s, shut up had evolved to variously mean “confine someone,” “close a door or window,” or “bring to a conclusion. Racist language (including racial slurs and racist/ethnic abuse) Warning: this guidance contains language which may cause offence. : I'll see if I can find the phrase you mentioned in any of my Southern sayings books. Krispy Kreme "Coongrats" Controversy refers to backlash against a commercial rolled out by the doughnut chain Krispy Kreme, specifically in Australia and New Zealand, in which the word "coongrats" briefly appears on the screen. Based on the folk belief that raccoons (shortened colloquially to "coons") had a longer-than-average lifespan.

They were "child coons," miniature versions of Stepin Fetchit (see Pilgrim (2000)). There's no denying his abrasiveness didn't leave an impression. That compares with 12% for people aged. Disney has removed movies like Peter Pan, The Lady and the Tramp, Aristocats, The Jungle Book, and Dumbo from Kids accounts due to racist imagery and offensive stereotypes.

Coon Cheese rebrands in Australia after anti.

Origin of the phrase, "There's more than one way to skin a cat.

Jim Crow is dead, but unfortunately some of those social constructs live on. Meaning: To be young at heart means to have a youthful spirit in spite of being old. The correct or traditional age for something (especially the age of maturity) Old age or senescence; the state of being old or elderly.

" The nine-episode series, which completed its fifth episode Monday, follows the battle between old money and new money among the millionaires of New York's Fifth Avenue …. ” By the 1500s, shut up had evolved to variously mean “confine someone,” “close a door or window,” or “bring to a conclusion. In fact, yelling at people can feel very jarring and upsetting, says Dr. Growing up in the eighties, racist name calling was de-rigeur in playground spats with the neighbourhood ne’er-do-wells. The saying was recorded in 1843 (but I am sure it was in use decades earlier) but "coon" didn't become a term for black people until 20 years later. Find all the latest ProFootballTalk news, live coverage, videos, highlights, stats, predictions, and results right here on NBC Sports. I say a coon is a Black person who puts on a specific performance for white people — a performance whereby a Black person says things or performs acts to ingratiate himself or herself in exchange for the social rewards white folk can grant. Speaking to Channel 7's Sunrise on Wednesday's show, Lino Saputo, the CEO of Coon's Canadian parent company Saputo, said he saw 'no harm' in changing the iconic cheese's name. a coon's age An exceptionally long period of time. 17) Michelangelo created two of the greatest sculptures “David” and “Pieta” by age 28.

1981, Beverly Cleary, Ramona Quimby, Age 8: "Yard apes!" yelled Ramona, her name for the sort of boys who always got the best balls, who were always first on the playground, and who chased their soccer balls through other people's hopscotch games. While generally meant to be playful, these terms can be considered petty or worse—insensitive— if used to refer to what we consider to be older people. an extremely offensive word for a Black person.

synonyms for the word Vocabulary Style ! Date: _____ Name:_____ VOCABULARY Vocabulary - Page 5 of 20 Date But she hadn’t done that in a coon’s age. In the episode, Cartman poses as a comic book superhero vigilante named "The Coon", who grows increasingly jealous of the …. As Bertha Russell, a robber baron’s wife on The Gilded Age, Carrie Coon swans around her Fifth Avenue mansion wearing the finest couture from French. #1 Hello, I picked this phrase up when watching a 1973 American film: 'I haven't seen you in a coon's age. 99% of the time interpreted as a racist statement. If your cat doesn’t have plenty of space, places to climb, and durable, interactive toys, then it can feel bored and destructive. Coon is slang for raccoon, coined in the mid 1700’s. a long time: I haven't seen you in a coon's age! [ 1835-45, Amer. Here’s our list of 11 things you should never say to a German. COON'S AGE definition: a long time | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples. It is often used in reference to people giving an unprompted opinion: “No. ” Are you kidding me? Yes it is highly offensive …. Gary Coon, age 61 (USA) Negative —The movie clearly has Satanic undertones. A co-worker of mine had used "In a coon's age" in a sentance referring to time. — When you start acting your age—instead of like a five year-old—we'll let you use the car. This week on ‘Fox News Sunday,’ host Shannon Bream welcomes Sen. This breed is also characterized by intelligence, and they can be taught various commands. It’s interesting to watch a show like this change, when it came to. Answer (1 of 2): Coon is a highly offensive racial slur. While the cheese was named after a man, the word "coon" was also a well-known offensive term for those of African decent.

Americans and ‘Cancel Culture’: Where Some See Calls for ….

Cajuns are fiercely proud of their culture, but they're divided over.

#e ruckus in the bushes went on for a spell. He was so mean, he’d fight a rattler and give him the first bite. The definition of coon is, first, a slang term for a raccoon or a variety of cats; the Maine Coon. American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth. Being told that your mature for your age is a compliment. I want to make a policy statement. Arliss Loveless: Mister West! How nice of you to join us tonight and add COLOR to these monochromatic proceedings! Capt. He couldn't find his nose in a mirror. When used to refer to the nocturnal critter with a taste for days-old food, it’s otherwise inoffensive. To me, that saying simply meant I hadn't seen someone in ages. I don’t know anyone in the last 20 years to use the term as a slur but I’m sure it’s still used. causing resentful displeasure; highly irritating or annoying. But being called a nigger by a white person during sex was a very new experience. For example call your left hand a coon and your right one a fuck see which one makes you feel more emotion. The Gilded Age, HBO’s new period drama, imitates the novelist Edith Wharton but entirely misses her insight. : I'll see if I can find the phrase you mentioned in any of my Southern sayings books. These are some truly fucked up jokes. He first appears in the self-titled episode "The Coon". Crazy as / crazier than a pet coon: a much more common saying meaning a crazy/demented person. [2] He was the protector of seafarers and the guardian of many Hellenic cities and colonies. The earlies citation for “coon’s age” in print (so far) is 1843. Translation: A really long time. Help! A: I like the term inappropriate words or the phrase using words inappropriately better than the term bad words because most of the offensive things young children say aren't "bad. The expression "in a coon's age" dates to the early 1800s, and to the folk belief that raccoons are long-lived. Some 32% of teen girls have experienced two or more types of online harassment asked about in this survey, while 24% of teen boys say the same. She hasn't seen him in a coon's age. It is an Americanization of the English phrase “in a crow’s age.

What was David Bowie’s last hit? Probably heroin. This movie seems to say that the executives of Disney are saying that Satanism is okay, and that the Bible is wrong. Gramophones used to have large trumpet-shaped horns which provided the sound. Given the racial sensitivity involving the word, however, it’s best to use an alternative. By 1832 it was being used as a term for a "frontier rustic person", by 1839 it was used to refer to members of the Whig party (the raccoon was their symbol), and by 1862 we find it used to refer to African Americans. American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. “President Obama has been an industry for racist. Another tell-tale sign of Maine Coon kittens is their highly noticeable sets of large paws. However, the most well-known definition of coon is an offensive slang term for a Black person. Given it’s a comedy show, he feels inclined to make jokes which results. We mature women must stop being so self. Offensive language is a crime that is charged when someone uses foul or offensive language. A long time ago, it was believed that raccoons lived for a long time. Coon - Comes from the last syllable of barracoes, …. Definition of 'coon's age'., How to Apologize at Work After Making a Microaggressive Comment., A Former Slur Is Reclaimed, And Listeners Have Mixed Feelings., Coon" offensive? Language problem : r/linguistics., Coon's ages Definition & Meaning., Debunking the Alleged Origin of the Word "Coonass"., The list of ugly names for blacks is long., Why Children Use Inappropriate Words., Do you consider the word coonass to be offensive? : r/Louisiana., call a spade a spade ">Change of Subject: Is the expression 'call a spade a spade., porch monkey Meaning & Origin., Jake and Amir: Headshots : r/jakeandamir., Why is the term midget considered derogatory but the term little …., 5 Popular Phrases With Shockingly Racist Meanings., OFFENDS Synonyms: 120 Similar and Opposite Words., Why is everyone talking about comedian Josh Thomas and …., Maine Coon Size Chart by Age and Compared to Other Cat Breeds., South Park ’s Humor Changed, Or Have We?., Using the word "coon" as part of a company name., s/o the newscaster and inadvertently racist comments., Full list of banned words on Twitch., 31 Words That Sound Like Slurs But Aren’t., Ben Carson's 15 most controversial quotes., Battle of Waterloo: Napoleon & Duke of Wellington., 50 Fucked Up Jokes You Should Never Tell Your Easily Offended …., 21 Offensive Words You Should Avoid., 12 Common Phrases and Terms That Are Actually Racist or Offensive., Can I Utter a Racial Slur in My Classroom?., Say What? How to Respond to an Offensive Comment., Offensive">12 Common Phrases and Terms That Are Actually Racist or Offensive., TIL: The racist use of 'coon' started out as a political., Coon Cheese: Origin of Australian brand name raises doubt ….